One of the best methods to acquire additional space, enhance comfort and add value to your property is to build an addition to your home. You want a larger kitchen, an additional bedroom or a full in-law suite, the process will involve planning, budgeting and coordination.
The guide simplifies the major steps and uses simple easy to understand language to assist the homeowners on the process of bringing the idea to completion.
Start With a Clear Purpose
Identify Why You Need More Space
You need to be clear about what your home addition should achieve before you start jumping into sketches and floor plans.
Ask yourself:
- Am I in need of an additional living room (family room)?
- Do I require more bedrooms or bathrooms?
- Do I want to make money-making space (a rental suite)?
- Will this addition add to the resale value of my home?
Being aware of what you want will make you make smart choices during the process.
Set a Realistic Budget
Understand the Costs
The average cost of home additions is around 80 to 300 and above per square foot, depending on the design, location and finishes. Even more expensive can be complex additions such as the addition of second floors or the addition of a kitchen.
Include These Budget Items
- Architectural plans
- Building permits
- Labor and materials
- Electrical, plumbing and HVAC renovation.
- Inspections
- Interior finishes
- Unexpected costs (10-20% contingency)
Get Multiple Estimates
It is always prudent to have at least three qualified contractors to provide quotes. This will make you see the price range and will have bargaining power during negotiation.
Check Local Building Codes and Regulations
Know What Your City or County Requires
Each municipality has its zoning regulations which specify:
- Building proximity to property lines (setbacks)
- Maximum building height
- Maximum lot coverage.
- The possibility of adding a second story.
- Plumbing and electrical upgrade regulations.
Why This Matters
Failure to do this can cost you fines or make you have to dismantle a section of your work. These rules can be worked through by your contractor or architect.
Hire the Right Professionals
Architects and Designers
In most additions, it is guaranteed that by employing an architect or residential designer:
- Accurate floor plans
- Structural safety
- Compliance with code
A style that suits your existing house.
General Contractor
The whole project is handled by a licensed general contractor who is responsible for:
- Scheduling subcontractors
- Ordering materials
- Handling inspections
Staying within the budget of the project.
Structural Engineers
In case you are adding a second story or removing load bearing walls, then you will probably need an engineer to make sure that your home can support the new addition.
Design the Addition
Match the Existing Home
Your addition must be a continuation of your home:
- Roofline
- Siding
- Window style
- Foundation height
The new space has been made to appear as part of the house through good design.
Consider the Flow
Think about:
- The way individuals will travel between spaces.
- The amount of natural light.
- Bedroom and bathroom privacy.
- Future needs
The layout is made to enhance comfort and resale.
Get All Necessary Permits
Why Permits Matter
Permits protect homeowners from unsafe construction and ensure work meets building codes.
Most additions require permits for:
- Structural changes
- Electrical work
- Plumbing
- HVAC
- Foundation work
The permit process is normally done by your contractor.
Prepare the Site
Site Preparation Steps
- Clear the area
- Mark property boundaries
- Dial 811 to find underground utilities (mandatory in the U.S.)
- Provide temporary supports in case of working in an existing construction.
A well-planned preparation will eliminate delays and safety risks.
Build the Foundation
Choose the Right Foundation
Based on your soil, climate and design, you might require:
- A concrete slab
- A crawlspace
- A full basement
The base should fit perfectly with the already available home to prevent future structural problems.
Frame the Structure
What Framing Includes
- Exterior walls
- Interior walls
- Floor joists
- Ceiling joists
- Roof structure
This is where your addition begins to get formed. A safe and strong construction is achieved through good framing.
Install Doors, Windows and Roofing
Weatherproof the Home
Upon the completion of the frame the contractor will:
- Install the roof
- Add windows and doors
- Apply house wrap
- Begin exterior siding
This drying process shields the interior against the rain and weather in order to allow the interior to be continued.
Rough-In the Mechanical Systems
Electrical, Plumbing and HVAC
Licensed professionals will install:
- Wiring and outlets
- Light fixtures
- Plumbing pipes and drains
- Ductwork heating and cooling.
The city carries out an inspection of the walls after installation.
Insulate and Drywall
Energy Efficiency Matters
Insulation helps:
- Keep your home comfortable
- Reduce electricity costs
- Meet local energy codes
Once insulation has been passed, the drywall is hung, taped and finished.
Add Interior Finishes
Bring the Space to Life
This phase includes:
- Flooring
- Trim and molding
- Paint
- Cabinets and countertops
- Fixtures and hardware.
The interior finishes are enormous with regard to the new space feeling and functioning.
Complete Exterior Finishes
Make It Match the Home
Outside, contractors will:
- Install siding
- Paint or stain surfaces
- Add gutters and downspouts
- Construct front porches or steps where necessary.
The replication of the home increases the curb appeal and value of the home.
Final Inspections and Walk-Through
City Inspections
Final checks shall be done by your local building department to make sure that all is up to code.
Homeowner Walk-Through
Your contractor will take you through the space to:
- Check workmanship
- Determine things that require touch up.
- Hand over documents and warranties.
When this has been done, your project has become officially completed!
Final Tips for a Smooth Home Addition
Plan ahead: Home additions can take months in the design to completion.
Expect surprises: The electrical, plumbing or foundation problems may be indicated on old houses.
Communicate often: Keep in contact with your contractor and inquire.
Protect your investment: Store records, permits, receipts, and warranties.
